Danang Satria Nugraha

Sanata Dharma University, DI Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 55002

DOI : https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v6-i12-38

Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT

This study delves into the complex and intricate realm of human emotions, specifically focusing on the cognitive structure of longing, as it is portrayed through Indonesian proverbs. The study employs a comprehensive methodology rooted in Cognitive Semantics Analysis and Qualitative Methods. The main objective of this study is to unravel the intricate web of thought processes, cultural nuances, and linguistic expressions associated with the profound emotion of longing within the context of Indonesian proverbs. To achieve this objective, the study meticulously scrutinizes a diverse corpus of Indonesian proverbs. The study aims to uncover the underlying cognitive patterns and conceptualizations that shape how longing is linguistically and culturally framed by analyzing the linguistic elements, metaphorical expressions, and cultural connotations within these proverbs. The results show that (1) one of the most striking features of Indonesian proverbs is their frequent use of metaphorical expressions to convey the experience of longing, (2) Indonesian proverbs frequently emphasized the communal and relational aspects of longing; longing was often depicted as a force that strengthens bonds between individuals, reflecting the collectivist nature of Indonesian society, and (3) that the emotion of longing is deeply embedded in Indonesian culture and society. This study offers valuable insights into the cultural fabric of Indonesia. Exploring the interplay between cognition, language, and culture in the context of longing sheds light on the intricacies of human emotional experiences and their representation in language. Additionally, the study contributes to the field of Cognitive Semantics and enriches our comprehension of the human condition.

KEYWORDS:

Cognitive Semantics Analysis, Mental Connotation, Longing-related Proverbs, Indonesian.

REFERENCES
1) Andersson, D. (2013). Understanding figurative proverbs: A model based on conceptual blending. Folklore (United Kingdom), 124(1), 28–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/0015587X.2012.734442

2) André, E. (2023). Affective dialogue systems. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 2178–2194). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-042

3) Autumn Brown, J. (2023). Civic emotion, loyalty and linguistic belonging. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 2237–2246). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-045

4) Baraldi, C., & Gavioli, L. (2022). Intercultural mediation. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1276–1297). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-029

5) Berkum, J. J. A. van. (2022). A survey of emotion theories and their relevance to language research. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/1 (pp. 1– 28). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110347524-001

6) Bonard, C., & Deonna, J. (2022). Emotion and language in philosophy. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/1 (pp. 54–72). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110347524-003

7) Brataatmadja, H. K. (2002). Kamus 5000 Peribahasa Indonesia. Kanisius.

8) Bredis, M. A., Dimoglo, M. S., & Lomakina, O. V. (2020). Paremias in modern linguistics: Approaches to study, textforming and linguocultural potential. RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics, 11(2), 265–284. https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2020-11-2-265-284

9) Chadbourne, E., Vornlocher, C., Ward, M. J., Raasch, B., Dolan, S., & Tugade, M. M. (2022). Positive emotions. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1062–1077). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-018

10) Chin Ng, B., & Liu, H. (2022). Disgust as an emotion in a cross-linguistic approach. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1138–1173). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-023

11) Darquennes, J., & Epps, P. (2022). Language and Emotion: An International Handbook. In Language and Emotion: An International Handbook (Vol. 1). https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110347524

12) Dewaele, J.-M. (2022). Research into multilingualism and emotions. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1217–1237). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-026

13) Eatough, V., & Tomkins, L. (2022). Qualitative methods. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/1 (pp. 163–182). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110347524-008

14) Foolen, A. (2022). Language and emotion in the history of linguistics. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/1 (pp. 31–53). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110347524-002

15) Forlè, F. (2022). Emotion and intersubjectivity. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 855–870). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-008

16) Fujita, R., Matsuo, T., & Hochin, T. (2019). Analysis of perceptions on school mottos as proverbs between Japanese and Indonesian. International Journal of Software Innovation, 7(1), 80–103. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJSI.2019010105

17) Gentner, D. (1983). Structure-mapping: A theoretical framework for analogy. Cognitive Science, 7(2), 155–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0364-0213(83)80009-3

18) Gibbs Jr., R. W. (1992). What do idioms really mean? Journal of Memory and Language, 31(4), 485–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-596X(92)90025-S

19) Gibbs Jr., R. W., Bogdanovich, J. M., Sykes, J. R., & Barr, D. J. (1997). Metaphor in idiom comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language, 37(2), 141–154. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1996.2506

20) Gibbs Jr., R. W., Costa Lima, P. L., & Francozo, E. (2004). Metaphor is grounded in embodied experience. Journal of Pragmatics, 36(7), 1189–1210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2003.10.009

21) Gibbs Jr., R. W., & O’Brien, J. E. (1990). Idioms and mental imagery: The metaphorical motivation for idiomatic meaning. Cognition, 36(1), 35–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(90)90053-M

22) Gross, R. (2023). The social construction of emotion and its linguistic and communicative dimensions. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 1759– 1774). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-020

23) Hitokoto, H., & Ishii, K. (2022). Comparative and contrastive emotion studies. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1191–1216). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-025

24) Ibrahim, I. H., & Usman, J. (2021). Cultural values in Acehnese farming-related proverbs. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 11(2), 364–371. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v11i2.32323

25) Julich-Warpakowski, N., & Sobrino, P. P. (2023). Introduction: Current challenges in metaphor research. Metaphor and the Social World, 13(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.00026.jul

26) Kayed, M. A., Essa, L. B., & Alkayid, M. (2023). A contrastive study of the connotative meanings of “dog-related” expressions in English and Jordanian proverbs: Implications for translators and language teachers. Acta Linguistica Petropolitana, 19(1), 66–101. https://doi.org/10.30842/alp2306573719166101

27) Kayi-Aydar, H. (2022). Negative emotions. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1078–1089). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-019

28) Knapp, S., Kyeong, Y., Cheung, C., & Davis, E. (2022). The interaction of gender and culture in the communication of emotion. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 871–888). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-009

29) Kövecses, Z. (2005). Metaphor in culture: Universality and variation. In Metaphor in Culture: Universality and Variation. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511614408

30) Kövecses, Z. (2010). Metaphor, creativity, and discourse. DELTA Documentacao de Estudos Em Linguistica Teorica e Aplicada, 26(SPL.ISS.), 719–738. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-44502010000300016

31) Kövecses, Z. (2012). The scope of metaphor. In Metaphor and Metonymy at the Crossroads: A Cognitive Perspective. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110894677.79

32) Kövecses, Z. (2015). Where metaphors come from. Reconsidering context in metaphor. Oxford University Press.

33) Kövecses, Z. (2018). Metaphor, cognition, culture. In Handbook of Advances in Culture and Psychology (Vol. 7). https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190879228.003.0002

34) Kövecses, Z. (2022). Some recent issues in conceptual metaphor theory. In Researching Metaphors: Towards a Comprehensive Account. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003184041-3

35) Kövecses, Z. (2023). Metaphorical Creativity in Discourse. Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature, 47(1), 55–70. https://doi.org/10.17951/lsmll.2023.47.1.55-70

36) Lakoff, G. (1993). The contemporary theory of metaphor. In A. Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and thought (pp. 202–251). Cambridge University Press.

37) Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors we live by. University of Chicago Press.

38) Lakoff, G., & Kövecses, Z. (1987). The cognitive model of anger inherent in American English. In D. Holland & N. Quinn (Eds.), Cultural models in language andthought (pp. 195–221). Cambridge University Press.

39) Lau, K. J., Tokofsky, P. I., & Winick, S. D. (2004). What goes around comes around: The circulation of proverbs in contemporary life. In What Goes Around Comes Around.

40) Lehr, C. (2022). Translation studies, translation practices and emotion. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1298–1319). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-030

41) Lemghari, E. M. (2022). On the Role of Source and Target Words’ Meanings in Metaphorical Conceptualizations. Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric, 67(3), 73–103. https://doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2022-0005

42) López-González, M. (2023). Emotional creativity. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 1437–1470). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-005

43) Moore, M. M., Martin, E. A., & Levine, L. J. (2023). Memory theories and research from the perspective of language and emotion. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 1381–1398). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-002

44) Niemeier, S. (2022). Emotions and figurative language. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/1 (pp. 549–569). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110347524-026

45) Orlova, T. G. (2021). Structural and Semantic Analysis of English and Russian Proverbs about Marriage as a Source of Expression of Cultural and National Identity. RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics, 12(4), 1075– 1093. https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2021-12-4-1075-1093

46) Panasenko, N., Stashko, H., & Zabuzhanska, I. (2023). Love and rhythm in poetry and music. In Handbücher zur Sprachund Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 1529–1557). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-009

47) Panut, S., Sudrajat, H., & Bangun, A. (2007). Kamus Peribahasa Indonesia. Kesaint Blanc.

48) Phuong, V. T. (2023). Factors Affecting the Learning of English Proverbs and Idioms of English-Majored Students at University of Khanh Hoa, Vietnam. Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 9(1), 35–47. https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.901004

49) Ponsonnet, M. (2022). Emotional linguistic relativity and cross-cultural research. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1031–1061). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-017

50) Remland, M. S., & Jones, T. S. (2022). Emotions in intercultural communication. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1258–1275). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-028

51) Roald, T., Sode Funch, B., & Køppe, S. (2023). Emotion and language in aesthetic experiences. In Handbücher zur Sprachund Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 1471–1489). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-006

52) Rodriguez Mosquera, P. M. (2023). Words, poems and cultural meanings. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 1745–1758). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-019

53) Rojas-Zepeda, C., & Riffo-Ocares, B. (2022). Emotions, language and aging. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1012–1030). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-016

54) Santangelo, P. (2023). The role and symbolic meanings of emotion in literary language. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 1558–1590). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-010

55) Scheve, C. von. (2023). The social and cultural constitution of emotion in language, discourse and the body. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 1775–1793). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-021

56) Schiewer, G. L. (2023). A survey of approaches to culture, art and media and their relation to emotions. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 1363–1380). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-001

57) Shaimardanova, M. R., & Akhmetova, L. A. (2015). Language means of expression of communicative-pragmatic frame “advice” in the proverbs with gender component (on the material of the English and Russian languages). Journal of Language and Literature, 6(3), 101–104. https://doi.org/10.7813/jll.2015/6-3/22

58) Silfver, M. (2022). Self-conscious emotions. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1109–1122). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-021

59) Spellerberg, C. (2022). Proverbial markers and their significance for linguistic proverb definitions: An experimental investigation. Yearbook of Phraseology, 13(1), 109–132. https://doi.org/10.1515/phras-2022-0007

60) Stachurska, A. (2023). Linguistic Image of the Woman in Kashubian, English and Polish Proverbs. Ezikov Svyat, 21(1), 61–71. https://doi.org/10.37708/ezs.swu.v21.i1.7

61) Stearns, P. N. (2022). History of basic emotions. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1174–1190). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-024

62) Storbeck, J. (2022). Cognitive approaches to emotion and semantics. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/1 (pp. 147–160). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110347524-007

63) Szpila, G. (2017). Contemporary proverbs - Theoretical investigations versus questionnaire study | Współczesne przysłowie - rozważania teoretyczne vs. badanie ankietowe. Jezyk Polski, 97(2), 5–22.

64) Tavangar, M., Diyanati, M., & Amouzadeh, M. (2022). Pragmatics of proverb translation: The case of English and Persian. Lodz Papers in Pragmatics, 18(1), 131–150. https://doi.org/10.1515/lpp-2022-0006

65) Villers, D. (2022). Proverbs and Paroemias: Definition and Methodology Issues | Proverbes et parémies: problèmes définitoires et méthodologiques. RILCE, 38(2), 520–536. https://doi.org/10.15581/008.38.2.520-36

66) Wilck, A. M., & Altarriba, J. (2022). Emotion words in monolingual and bilingual cognitive psycholinguistic research. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1238–1257). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-027

67) Winko, S. (2023). Literature and emotion. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/3 (pp. 1417–1436). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110795486-004

68) Wu, J., Zhou, W., & Shao, B. (2023). On English proverb variation from the perspective of linguistic creativity. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1213649

69) Wurm, L. H. (2022). Studying emotion effects in language. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/1 (pp. 570–586). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110347524-027

70) Ye, Z. (2022). Cross-cultural conceptualisations of happiness. In Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science [HSK] 46/2 (pp. 1123–1137). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110670851-022

71) Ying, Y., Mursitama, T. N., & Rumeser, J. A. A. (2017). Comparison of animal idioms in Chinese and Indonesian. Advanced Science Letters, 23(2), 1167–1170. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.7530

72) Yuan, G., & Sun, Y. (2023). A bibliometric study of metaphor research and its implications (2010–2020). Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies. https://doi.org/10.2989/16073614.2022.2113413

73) Zaikauskienė, D. (2021). Interpretation of Proverb Meaning: Theory and Practice | Patarlės reikšmės interpretacija: Teorija ir praktika. Tautosakos Darbai, 62, 11–27.

74) Zhao, W. (2012). An analysis of social proverbs from the perspective of cultural semiotics. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(10), 2073–2080. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.10.2073-2080

75) Zhou, S. (2021). A cognitive analysis of conceptual metaphors of color idioms in english and chinese based on data mining. In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing: Vol. 1234 AISC. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51556-0_51

Volume 06 Issue 12 December 2023